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Journal of the Geological Society; 2001; v. 158; issue.1; p. 75-84
© 2001 Geological Society of London

Regular Article

Biogenic alteration of volcanic glass from the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus

H. FURNES, K. MUEHLENBACHS, O. TUMYR, T. TORSVIK & C. XENOPHONTOS

1 Geological Institute, University of Bergen, Allegt. 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway (e-mail: Harald.Furnes{at}goal.uib.no)
2 Department of Geology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta T6G 2E3, Canada
3 Department of Microbiology, University of Bergen, Jahnebk. 5, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
4 Geological Survey Department, Nicosia, Cyprus

Scientific editing by Mike Fowler.

Alteration of basaltic glass through the entire volcanic sequence of the Troodos ophiolite is partly bio-mediated. The following observations support this conclusion: alteration textures resembling microbes in form and size; altered glass locally shows high carbon concentrations at the alteration front and organic remains. The absence of DNA suggests that the bio-alteration is a fossil process. Temperatures calculated from {delta}18O of carbonate, assumed to have been in equilibrium with seawater, yield 27–65°C, and {delta}18Osilicate versus H2O relationships indicate seawater alteration. These data are consistent with biogenic alteration during an early stage of ocean-floor alteration of the Troodos oceanic crust some 70–90 Ma ago.


Keywords: Cyprus, Troodos ophiolite, biodegradation, glass, basalt, stable isotopes.




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