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Original Article |
1 1Institut de Minéralogie et Géochimie, Université de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland (e-mail: micha.schlup@img.unil.ch)
2 2London Thermochronological Research Group, Research School of Earth Sciences, Birkbeck and University College, Gower Street, London WC1E 6B, UK
Fission-track and 40Ar/39Ar ages place time constraints on the exhumation of the North Himalayan nappe stack, the Indus Suture Zone and Molasse, and the Transhimalayan Batholith in eastern Ladakh (NW India). Results from this and previous studies on a northsouth transect passing near Tso Morari Lake suggest that the SW-directed North Himalayan nappe stack (comprising the Mata, Tetraogal and Tso Morari nappes) was emplaced and metamorphosed by c. 5045 Ma, and exhumed to moderately shallow depths (c. 10 km) by c. 4540 Ma. From the mid-Eocene to the present, exhumation continued at a steady and slow rate except for the root zone of the Tso Morari nappe, which cooled faster than the rest of the nappe stack. Rapid cooling occurred at c. 20 Ma and is linked to brittle deformation along the normal RibilZildat Fault concomitant with extrusion of the Crystalline nappe in the south. Data from the Indus Molasse suggest that sediments were still being deposited during the Miocene.
Key Words: Himalaya eastern Ladakh 40Ar/39Ar fission-track dating exhumation
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