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Biomarkers in a Lower Jurassic concretion from Dorset (UK)

K. KIRIAKOULAKIS, J. D. MARSHALL and G. A. WOLFF
Journal of the Geological Society, 157, 207-220, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs.157.1.207
K. KIRIAKOULAKIS
1Environmental Organic Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK (e‐mail: )
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J. D. MARSHALL
1Environmental Organic Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK (e‐mail: )
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G. A. WOLFF
1Environmental Organic Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK (e‐mail: )
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Abstract

Textural, petrographic and stable isotopic evidence suggest that a zoned concretion (Birchi Bed, Lower Lias, West Dorset, UK), formed under very shallow burial, with carbonate cement passively filling the pore spaces. The calcitic core of the concretion formed initially, whilst the intermediate and outer edge cements, which are dominated by a dolomite and a calcite respectively, precipitated successively. Mixtures of calcite and dolomite occur in the intermediate zone and outer rim, suggesting initial incomplete cementation and later back‐filling. The enveloping fibrous calcite vein (beef) formed later by displacive crystallization. The concretionary carbonates preferentially preserve labile organic compounds (i.e. unsaturated fatty acids) not found in the surrounding shales. Fatty acid distributions in the concretion are distinct and informative. The presence of 10‐methylhexadecanoic acid provides direct evidence for sulphate‐reducing bacteria in the calcitic core whereas the abundance of unsaturated fatty acids in the concretion as a whole is attributed to localized bacterial production and its early formation. The core probably formed in the sulphate reduction zone, whereas dolomite in the intermediate zone was derived largely from methanogenesis and iron reduction, although direct biomarker evidence for methanogenesis was not found. The outer rim and the fibrous calcite vein probably resulted from ‘late’ bacterial processes, probably including renewed sulphate reduction. The complex biogeochemistry of the sedimentary environment is reflected by the concentrations and distributions of biomarkers and by the detailed petrography. Nevertheless, carbonate concretions can provide a ‘snapshot’ of early diagenesis in ancient mudstones.

  • Lower Lias
  • carbonates
  • concretions
  • biomarkers

Scientific editing by John Cope.

  • © 2000 The Geological Society of London
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Journal of the Geological Society: 157 (1)
Journal of the Geological Society
Volume 157, Issue 1
January 2000
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Biomarkers in a Lower Jurassic concretion from Dorset (UK)

K. KIRIAKOULAKIS, J. D. MARSHALL and G. A. WOLFF
Journal of the Geological Society, 157, 207-220, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs.157.1.207
K. KIRIAKOULAKIS
1Environmental Organic Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK (e‐mail: )
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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J. D. MARSHALL
1Environmental Organic Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK (e‐mail: )
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G. A. WOLFF
1Environmental Organic Chemistry and Geochemistry Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK (e‐mail: )
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Biomarkers in a Lower Jurassic concretion from Dorset (UK)

K. KIRIAKOULAKIS, J. D. MARSHALL and G. A. WOLFF
Journal of the Geological Society, 157, 207-220, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs.157.1.207
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