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Archaean basin margin geology and crustal evolution: an East Pilbara traverse

Wouter Nijman, Armelle Kloppenburg and Sjoukje T. de Vries
Journal of the Geological Society, 174, 1090-1112, 29 June 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2016-127
Wouter Nijman
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, PO Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Armelle Kloppenburg
4DGeo Structural Geology, Daal en Bergselaan 80, 2565 AH The Hague, the Netherlands
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Sjoukje T. de Vries
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, PO Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
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This article has a correction. Please see:

  • Erratum for ‘Archaean basin margin geology and crustal evolution: an East Pilbara traverse,’ Journal of the Geological Society, London, 174, 1090-1112 - January 01, 2018

Abstract

A palinspastic reconstruction of a 100 km long traverse through Archaean rocks of the East Pilbara, Western Australia, includes new observations of the deformation preceding the now visible greenstone belt pattern. The restoration is time-calibrated with all available U–Pb datings.

Between incompletely preserved basin sequences, two superposed Palaeoarchaean volcano-sedimentary basins (the Coongan and Salgash Basins) are separated by an eastwards time-transgressive interface tentatively interpreted as an onlap surface. For over 140 Ma, the basin margin architecture was structurally controlled by superposed extensional growth fault arrays (D1) with associated dyke swarms in a curved pattern spatially not related to that of the actual distribution of granite domes and greenstone belts.

The basins are interpreted to have formed by collapse after arching above hotspots due to phase transitions by mini-subduction of slabs of cooled water-saturated basalt towards the base of an originally c. 45 km mafic crust. At c. 3.31 Ga, the extension was replaced by plate-driven regional NW–SE compression (D2) inferred from NW-over-SE shear and ramp-and-flat thrusts, partly reversing offsets of the D1 extension. The recognition of widespread D2 pre-doming compression is important because it triggered the c. 3.18 Ga start of formation of the dome-and-keel pattern (D3) visible today, which culminated at c. 2.9 Ga.

Supplementary material: Eight figures, numbered ‘Supplementary material fig. a–h’, and a GPS list of observation sites are available at: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3808243

  • © 2017 The Author(s)
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Journal of the Geological Society: 174 (6)
Journal of the Geological Society
Volume 174, Issue 6
November 2017
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Archaean basin margin geology and crustal evolution: an East Pilbara traverse

Wouter Nijman, Armelle Kloppenburg and Sjoukje T. de Vries
Journal of the Geological Society, 174, 1090-1112, 29 June 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2016-127
Wouter Nijman
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, PO Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: w.nijman@uu.nl
Armelle Kloppenburg
4DGeo Structural Geology, Daal en Bergselaan 80, 2565 AH The Hague, the Netherlands
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Sjoukje T. de Vries
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, PO Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
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  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site

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Archaean basin margin geology and crustal evolution: an East Pilbara traverse

Wouter Nijman, Armelle Kloppenburg and Sjoukje T. de Vries
Journal of the Geological Society, 174, 1090-1112, 29 June 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2016-127
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • The East Pilbara traverse observed
    • The East Pilbara traverse interpreted and restored
    • Palaeoarchaean volcano-sedimentary collapse basins
    • Implications for the Palaeoarchaean cratonic evolution
    • Conclusions
    • Acknowledgements
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