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Stable isotope evidence for near-surface, low-temperature formation of Mg-(hydro)carbonates in highly altered Greek Mesozoic serpentinites

J. E. Andrews, M. G. Stamatakis, I. Mitsis, T. Donnelly, View ORCID ProfileM. Regueiroy González-Barros and View ORCID ProfileA. E. Fallick
Journal of the Geological Society, 175, 361-375, 14 December 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2017-083
J. E. Andrews
1School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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M. G. Stamatakis
2Department of Geology & Geoenvironment, Section of Economic Geology & Geochemistry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Ano Ilissia, 157 84 Athens, Greece
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I. Mitsis
2Department of Geology & Geoenvironment, Section of Economic Geology & Geochemistry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Ano Ilissia, 157 84 Athens, Greece
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T. Donnelly
3Isotope Geosciences Unit, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride G75 0QF, UK
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M. Regueiroy González-Barros
4Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), Rios Rosas 22, Madrid 28003, Spain
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A. E. Fallick
3Isotope Geosciences Unit, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride G75 0QF, UK
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Abstract

Authigenic magnesite, hydromagnesite and huntite associated with intensely altered and serpentinized ophiolitic rocks in Attica (mainland Greece) occur predominantly as veinlets and nodules within a totally weathered former serpentinite groundmass. Carbonate δ18O values are consistent with post-geothermal fluid temperatures between 25 and 70°C, but mostly between 25 and 30°C, from a dominantly meteoric-sourced groundwater, indicating near-surface, low-temperature conditions. Despite the proximity of a volcanic centre with strong CO2 flux, 75% of the carbon isotope data imply little or no incorporation of this CO2 into the authigenic Mg-(hydro)carbonates. Indeed, many δ13C values are more negative than soil-zone calcrete values, and in this setting Mg-(hydro)carbonate δ13C values below −6‰ VPDB probably indicate disequilibrium effects in alkaline groundwaters. Geothermal fluids and groundwaters were mainly routed through structural conduits. Some of the low-temperature hydromagnesite subsequently dehydrated to magnesite under near-surface conditions, and huntite is probably a diagenetic transformation of hydromagnesite, forming close to the volcanic centre where fluid Mg/Ca ratios were low. The isotopic signatures are distinct from previously published Balkan–East Mediterranean magnesite data arrays but are consistent with many other ultramafic-associated magnesium carbonates worldwide; their association with likely fluid compositions provides important context for Mg-(hydro)carbonate formation as geothermal conditions cool to near-surface temperatures.

  • © 2018 The Author(s)
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Journal of the Geological Society: 175 (2)
Journal of the Geological Society
Volume 175, Issue 2
March 2018
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Stable isotope evidence for near-surface, low-temperature formation of Mg-(hydro)carbonates in highly altered Greek Mesozoic serpentinites

J. E. Andrews, M. G. Stamatakis, I. Mitsis, T. Donnelly, M. Regueiroy González-Barros and A. E. Fallick
Journal of the Geological Society, 175, 361-375, 14 December 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2017-083
J. E. Andrews
1School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: j.andrews@uea.ac.uk
M. G. Stamatakis
2Department of Geology & Geoenvironment, Section of Economic Geology & Geochemistry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Ano Ilissia, 157 84 Athens, Greece
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
I. Mitsis
2Department of Geology & Geoenvironment, Section of Economic Geology & Geochemistry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Ano Ilissia, 157 84 Athens, Greece
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
T. Donnelly
3Isotope Geosciences Unit, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride G75 0QF, UK
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  • Search for this author on this site
M. Regueiroy González-Barros
4Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), Rios Rosas 22, Madrid 28003, Spain
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
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  • ORCID record for M. Regueiroy González-Barros
A. E. Fallick
3Isotope Geosciences Unit, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride G75 0QF, UK
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  • ORCID record for A. E. Fallick

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Stable isotope evidence for near-surface, low-temperature formation of Mg-(hydro)carbonates in highly altered Greek Mesozoic serpentinites

J. E. Andrews, M. G. Stamatakis, I. Mitsis, T. Donnelly, M. Regueiroy González-Barros and A. E. Fallick
Journal of the Geological Society, 175, 361-375, 14 December 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2017-083
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