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Pillow lava basalts with back-arc MORB affinity from the Usagaran Belt, Tanzania: relics of Orosirian ophiolites

View ORCID ProfileNelson Boniface and View ORCID ProfileTatsuki Tsujimori
Journal of the Geological Society, 176, 1007-1021, 6 June 2019, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2018-205
Nelson Boniface
1University of Dar es Salaam, PO Box 35052, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
2Tohoku University, CNEAS, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8576, Japan
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  • For correspondence: nelson.boniface@udsm.ac.tz
Tatsuki Tsujimori
2Tohoku University, CNEAS, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8576, Japan
3Department of Earth Science, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, 980-8578, Japan
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Abstract

The Paleoproterozoic Usagaran Orogenic Belt in East Africa is an exemplary site of preserved relics of Paleoproterozoic volcanic-arc magmas, and subducted and displaced oceanic crust. This paper describes the geochemical characteristics of displaced pillow basalts from the Usagaran Belt (Konse Group). Our data indicate that the Konse pillow basalts have tholeiitic composition and are overprinted by greenschist-facies metamorphic conditions but their primary geochemical signatures are preserved by REE and fluid-immobile elements. The (La/Sm)N ratios (0.62–1.09) and REE patterns point to normal mid-ocean ridge basalt (N-MORB) and transitional MORB (T-MORB) mantle source. The analysis of high-valency elements and trace element patterns points to a mixed signature of MORB tholeiites and island-arc tholeiites with elevation of Ba, Th, U, Eu and Sr. This composition is similar to that of Phanerozoic back-arc suprasubduction-zone ophiolites. Therefore, Usagaran Belt pillow basalts are an analogue of the Tethyan-type suprasubduction-zone ophiolite evolution and emplacement in the Precambrian. The emplacement of the Konse pillow basalts is older than the neighbouring 1920–1870 Ma volcanic-arc magmas and is probably coeval with the formation of the 2000 Ma Yalumba eclogites with MORB affinity. Thus, the Konse pillow basalts might have been displaced from their suprasubduction-zone tectonic setting of igneous construction within the Yalumba ocean basin around 2000 Ma.

Thematic collection: This article is part of the ‘Tethyan ophiolites and Tethyan seaways collection’ available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/tethyan-ophiolites-and-tethyan-seaways

  • © 2019 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London. All rights reserved
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Journal of the Geological Society: 176 (5)
Journal of the Geological Society
Volume 176, Issue 5
September 2019
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Pillow lava basalts with back-arc MORB affinity from the Usagaran Belt, Tanzania: relics of Orosirian ophiolites

Nelson Boniface and Tatsuki Tsujimori
Journal of the Geological Society, 176, 1007-1021, 6 June 2019, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2018-205
Nelson Boniface
1University of Dar es Salaam, PO Box 35052, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
2Tohoku University, CNEAS, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8576, Japan
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
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  • ORCID record for Nelson Boniface
  • For correspondence: nelson.boniface@udsm.ac.tz
Tatsuki Tsujimori
2Tohoku University, CNEAS, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8576, Japan
3Department of Earth Science, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, 980-8578, Japan
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Tatsuki Tsujimori

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Pillow lava basalts with back-arc MORB affinity from the Usagaran Belt, Tanzania: relics of Orosirian ophiolites

Nelson Boniface and Tatsuki Tsujimori
Journal of the Geological Society, 176, 1007-1021, 6 June 2019, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2018-205
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